Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
volume Number 18، number In Volume 6، September 2025 ، issue Number 112

An Investigation of Gérard Genette's Narrative Theory in Naturalist Short Stories Based on Sadegh Chubak's Short Story Collection

Arash Kyany , Maryam Mahmoodi (Author in Charge), Fraydoon Tahmasbi

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study aims to analyze the narrative structure of naturalist short stories by Sadegh Chubak (1966-1991) in his collectionThe Last Lamp(1965) using Gérard Genette"s (1930-2018) narrative theory. The research seeks to demonstrate how applying this theory can lead to a deeper understanding of narrative elements and Chubak"s writing style.

METHODOLOGY: The study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach, with data collected through library research techniques. Four prominent stories fromThe Last Lamp—"The Wheel Thief," "The Pigeon Fancier," "The Kitten Whose Eyes Hadn"t Opened Yet," and "Atma, My Dog"—were analyzed based on narrative components such astemporal structure(order, duration, and frequency),narrative level(narrator, point of view, and narrative distance), andnarrative mood(representation of speech and action), along with naturalist characteristics.

FINDINGS: The analysis reveals that Chubak skillfully employs techniques such as: Temporal shifts and narrative flashbacks,Shifting narrative perspectives, Objective and naturalistic descriptions to create multilayered and impactful narratives. Furthermore, aligning these elements with Genette"s theory highlights the significant compatibility between Chubak"s narrative style and modern narratological principles.

CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that Genette"s narrative theory serves as an effective tool for analyzing the structure of Persian naturalist short stories. This study not only enhances the understanding of Chubak"s style but also provides a framework for analyzing other contemporary Persian literary works.

Keyword
Narratology , Gérard Genette , Short Story , Naturalism , Sadegh Chubak , The Last Lamp , Narrative Analysis

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